Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

Income Taxes

v3.8.0.1
Income Taxes
6 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2018
Income Taxes [Abstract]  
Income Taxes

Note 11 - Income Taxes



The Company accounts for income taxes using the liability method, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets or liabilities for the tax-effected temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of its assets and liabilities, and for net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards.



On December 22, 2017, significant changes were enacted to the U.S. tax law pursuant to H.R.1. “An Act to Provide for Reconciliation Pursuant to Titles II and V of the Concurrent Resolution on the Budget for Fiscal Year 2018” (the “Tax Act”) (previously known as “The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act”).  The Tax Act included a permanent reduction to the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21%, a one-time repatriation tax on deferred foreign income, deductions, credits and business-related exclusions.



On December 22, 2017, the SEC issued guidance under Staff Accounting Bulletin No.  118, Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“SAB 118”), directing registrants to consider the impact of the Tax Act as “provisional” when it does not have the necessary information available, prepared or analyzed (including computations) in reasonable detail to complete its accounting for the change in tax law.



In accordance with SAB 118, the Company’s income tax provision as of March 31, 2018 reflects (i) the current year impacts of the Tax Act on the estimated annual effective tax rate and (ii) the following discreet items resulting directly from the enactment of the Tax Act based on the information available, prepared or analyzed (including computations) in reasonable detail.



(i)

The Tax Act reduces the federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21%.  The impact from the permanent reduction to the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21% is effective January 1, 2018 (the “Effective Date”).  When a U.S. federal tax rate change occurs during a fiscal year, tax payers are required to compute a weighted daily average rate for the fiscal year of enactment.  However, as the Company is in a net loss carry forward position, it is using the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate of 21% that will be in effect when the net loss is utilized. 

 

(ii)

The Company determined the impact of the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate change, net of the related state income tax impact on the U.S. deferred tax assets and liabilities, to be a benefit of $1,162,000 as of October 1, 2017.



The Tax Act imposes a one-time transition tax on earnings of certain foreign subsidiaries that were previously tax deferred and creates new taxes on certain foreign-sourced earnings.  The one-time transition tax is based on total post-1986 foreign earnings and profits (“E&P”) which a tax payer has previously deferred from U.S. income taxes.  The Company has no post-1986 foreign E&P which it has previously deferred. 



Within the calculation of the Company’s annual effective tax rate the Company has used assumptions and estimates that may change as a result of future guidance, interpretations, and rule-making from the Internal Revenue Service, the SEC, the FASB and/or various other taxing jurisdictions.  For example, the Company anticipates that state jurisdictions will continue to determine and announce their conformity to the Tax Act which would have an impact on the annual effective tax rate.



The Company completes a detailed analysis of its deferred income tax valuation allowances on an annual basis or more frequently if information comes to our attention that would indicate that a revision to our estimates is necessary.  In evaluating the Company’s ability to realize its deferred tax assets, management considers all available positive and negative evidence on a country-by-country basis, including past operating results, forecast of future taxable income, and the potential Section 382 limitation on the net operating loss carryforwards due to a change in control.  In determining future taxable income, management makes assumptions to forecast U.S. federal and state, U.K. and Malaysia operating income, the reversal of temporary differences, and the implementation of any feasible and prudent tax planning strategies.  These assumptions require significant judgment regarding the forecasts of the future taxable income in each tax jurisdiction and are consistent with the forecasts used to manage the Company’s business.  It should be noted that the Company realized significant losses through 2005 on a consolidated basis.  From fiscal year 2006 through fiscal year 2016, the Company has annually generated taxable income on a consolidated basis.  In management’s analysis to determine the amount of the deferred tax asset to recognize, management projected future taxable income for each tax jurisdiction.



As of March 31, 2018, the Company had U.S. federal and state net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $12,100,000 and $15,351,000, respectively, for income tax purposes expiring in years 2022 to 2037.  The Company’s U.K. subsidiary has U.K. net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $62,223,000 as of March 31, 2018, which can be carried forward indefinitely to be used to offset future U.K. taxable income.



A reconciliation of income tax expense and the amount computed by applying the statutory federal income tax rate to income before income taxes is as follows:













 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 



Three Months Ended

 

Six Months Ended



March 31,

 

March 31,



2018

 

2017

 

2018

 

2017

Income tax benefit at statutory rates

$

(1,077,736)

 

$

(884,000)

 

$

(3,628,736)

 

$

(1,529,000)

Effect of change in U.S. tax rate

 

 —

 

 

 —

 

 

(187,000)

 

 

 —

State income tax benefit, net of federal benefits

 

(385,395)

 

 

(133,000)

 

 

(948,395)

 

 

(229,000)

Non-deductible business acquisition expenses

 

 —

 

 

42,000 

 

 

 —

 

 

153,000 

Non-deductible expenses - other

 

8,702 

 

 

3,000 

 

 

12,702 

 

 

4,000 

Effect of lower foreign income tax rates

 

50,981 

 

 

120,641 

 

 

80,386 

 

 

202,377 

Other

 

101,032 

 

 

27,326 

 

 

122,574 

 

 

44,521 

Income tax benefit

$

(1,302,416)

 

$

(824,033)

 

$

(4,548,469)

 

$

(1,354,102)



Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows:







 

 

 

 

 



 

 

 

 

 



March 31,

 

September 30,

Deferred tax assets:

2018

 

2017

Federal net operating loss carryforwards

$

4,922,000 

 

$

4,075,000 

State net operating loss carryforwards

 

2,002,000 

 

 

963,000 

AMT credit carryforward

 

533,000 

 

 

533,000 

Foreign net operating loss carryforwards – U.K.

 

10,685,000 

 

 

10,578,000 

Foreign capital allowance – U.K.

 

108,000 

 

 

108,000 

U.K. bad debts

 

2,000 

 

 

2,000 

Restricted stock – U.K.

 

1,000 

 

 

1,000 

U.S. unearned revenue

 

249,000 

 

 

409,000 

U.S. deferred rent

 

23,000 

 

 

76,000 

Share-based compensation

 

456,000 

 

 

447,000 

Foreign tax credits

 

1,797,000 

 

 

1,797,000 

Other, net - U.S.

 

77,000 

 

 

82,000 

Gross deferred tax assets

 

20,855,000 

 

 

19,071,000 

Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets

 

(2,144,000)

 

 

(2,144,000)

Net deferred tax assets

 

18,711,000 

 

 

16,927,000 

Deferred tax liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

In process research and development

 

(4,562,000)

 

 

(7,000,000)

Developed technology

 

(562,000)

 

 

(900,000)

Covenant not-to-compete

 

(101,000)

 

 

(200,000)

Other

 

(5,442)

 

 

Net deferred tax liabilities

 

(5,230,442)

 

 

(8,100,000)

Net deferred tax asset

$

13,480,558 

 

$

8,827,000 



The deferred tax amounts have been classified in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets as follows:







 

 

 

 

 



 

 

 

 

 



March 31,

 

September 30,



2018

 

2017

Long-term deferred tax asset - U.S.

$

4,829,377 

 

$

282,000 

Long-term deferred tax asset - U.K.

 

8,651,181 

 

 

8,545,000 

Total long-term deferred tax asset

$

13,480,558 

 

$

8,827,000